Dative case (III)
FUNCTION
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to refer to the indirect object, i.e. the object of a specific activity, in connection with verbs as: dawać (to give)
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INFLECTION
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For masculine nouns ending in consonants the ending -OWI is usually used. Only a small group of words end in -U. Masculine nouns ending in -A behave as feminine nouns. |
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szef |
szefowi |
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syn |
synowi |
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kraj |
krajowi |
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wujek |
wujkowi |
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brat |
bratu |
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kot |
kotu |
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bóg |
bogu |
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świat |
światu |
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pies |
psu |
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ojciec |
ojcu |
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kierowca |
kierowcy |
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kolega |
koledze |
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programista |
programiście |
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For neuter nouns the ending –u is used. |
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dziecko |
dziecku |
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mięso |
mięsu |
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For feminine nouns and masculine nouns ending in -A there are three options for endings: -i (after a soft final sound) -y (after final c, dz, cz, dż, sz, ż, rz)
The –ka ending will always change into -ce |
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mama |
mamie |
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tata (m) |
tacie |
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kura |
kurze |
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żona |
żonie |
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babcia |
babci |
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ciocia |
cioci |
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podróż |
podróży |
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Niemka |
Niemce |
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piłka |
piłce |
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ssprzedawca (m) |
sprzedawcy |
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Things get easier in plural. The only option is –OM for all genders. |
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Polak |
Polakom |
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górnik |
górnikom |
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nauczyciel |
nauczycielom |
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dzewo |
drzewom |
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kobieta |
kobietom |
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